Flux-Focused Shaped Permanent Magnet, Magnetic Unit Having the Magnets, Device Having the Magnetic Units and Method for Asymmetrically Focusing Flux Fields of Permanent Magnets

ABSTRACT

A flux-focused, shaped permanent magnet includes a body of magnetic material having multiple surface contouring to form a reduced flux side with convex surfaces and an increased flux side with concave surfaces. The surfaces develop high and low resistance external flux paths creating focused asymmetric flux fields. A magnetic unit having the shaped permanent magnet and a magnetic flux attracter or two shaped permanent magnets interconnected by two segmented permanent magnets and a kinetic device having a stationary stator ring, a rotor disc rotating within the stator ring and a multiplicity of the magnetic units on the stator ring and the rotor disc, are also provided.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

The invention relates to a flux-focused, shaped permanent magnet. Theinvention also relates to a magnetic unit having the magnets, a devicehaving the magnetic units and a method for asymmetrically focusing fluxfields of permanent magnets.

2. Description of the Related Art

Permanent magnets are constrained in their usefulness by their symmetricflux fields. Their pole forces are self-neutralizing because of theirsymmetry, as it takes as much energy to force like poles together asthey give back in repulsion.

Asymmetric or focused field magnets such as electro-magnets have easilyharnessed field differences and permanent magnets could have improvedusefulness if created with asymmetric or unequal flux fields.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

It is accordingly an object of the invention to provide a flux-focusedshaped permanent magnet, a magnetic unit having the magnets, a devicehaving the magnetic units and a method for asymmetrically focusing fluxfields of permanent magnets, which overcome the hereinafore-mentioneddisadvantages of the heretofore-known devices and of this general typeand which permit improved use of the magnetic flux fields of permanentmagnets based on altering the shape and contour of the magnet itself tocreate a usable flux field asymmetry. Flux asymmetry creates force fielddifferences and these differences in forces can be harnessed. Thisemitted flux energy can be focused in one preferred direction byreducing the emissions in other directions, keeping the total emittedenergy constant.

With the foregoing and other objects in view there is provided, inaccordance with the invention, a flux-focused, shaped permanent magnet,comprising a body of magnetic material having multiple surfacecontouring to form a reduced flux side with convex surfaces and anincreased flux side with concave surfaces. The surfaces develop high andlow resistance external flux paths creating focused asymmetric fluxfields.

With the objects of the invention in view, there is also provided amagnetic unit, comprising a flux-focused, shaped permanent magnet havinga body of magnetic material with surface contouring to form a reducedflux side with a convex surface and an increased flux side with aconcave surface. The surfaces develop high and low resistance externalflux paths creating focused asymmetric flux fields, and the body has twomagnet pole end surfaces. A magnetic flux attracter formed of highlypermeable material has two end surfaces. One of the end surfaces of themagnetic flux attracter contacts one of the end surfaces of the shapedpermanent magnet, causing magnetic field lines to extend between theother of the end surfaces of the magnetic flux attracter and the otherof the end surfaces of the shaped permanent magnet.

With the objects of the invention in view, there is additionallyprovided a magnetic unit, comprising two flux-focused, shaped permanentmagnets each having a body of magnetic material with surface contouringto form a reduced flux side with a convex surface and an increased fluxside with a concave surface. The surfaces develop high and lowresistance external flux paths creating focused asymmetric flux fields,and the body has two magnet pole end surfaces. Two segmented permanentmagnets together interconnect one of the end surfaces of each of theshaped permanent magnets.

With the objects of the invention in view, there is furthermore provideda kinetic device, comprising a stationary stator ring, a rotor discrotating within the stator ring and defining mutually rotating surfacestherebetween and a multiplicity of the magnetic units according to theinvention disposed on the rotor disc and on the stator ring. Themagnetic units on the rotor disc and on the stator ring are disposedopposite each other about the mutually rotating surfaces. The other ofthe end surfaces of the magnetic flux attracter and the other of the endsurfaces of the shaped permanent magnet of each of the magnetic unitsface the mutually rotating surfaces.

With the objects of the invention in view, there is alternativelyprovided a kinetic device, comprising a stationary stator ring, a rotordisc rotating within the stator ring and defining mutually rotatingsurfaces therebetween and a multiplicity of the magnetic units accordingto the invention disposed on the rotor disc and on the stator ring. Themagnetic units on the rotor disc and on the stator ring are disposedopposite each other about the mutually rotating surfaces and the otherof the end surfaces of each of the shaped permanent magnets of each ofthe magnetic units face each other.

With the objects of the invention in view, there is concomitantlyprovided a method for asymmetrically focusing flux fields of permanentmagnets. The method comprises surface contouring a body of magneticmaterial to form a reduced flux side with convex surfaces and anincreased flux side with concave surfaces. High and low resistanceexternal flux paths are developed with the surfaces to create focusedasymmetric flux fields.

Other features which are considered as characteristic for the inventionare set forth in the appended claims.

Although the invention is illustrated and described herein as embodiedin a flux-focused shaped permanent magnet, a magnetic unit having themagnets, a device having the magnetic units and a method forasymmetrically focusing flux fields of permanent magnets, it isnevertheless not intended to be limited to the details shown, sincevarious modifications and structural changes may be made therein withoutdeparting from the spirit of the invention and within the scope andrange of equivalents of the claims.

The construction and method of operation of the invention, however,together with additional objects and advantages thereof will be bestunderstood from the following description of specific embodiments whenread in connection with the accompanying drawings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWING

FIG. 1 is a photograph of a prior art U-shaped or so-called horseshoemagnet and its magnetic field;

FIG. 2 is a photograph of a prior art rectangular or so-called barmagnet and its magnetic field;

FIG. 3 is a diagrammatic, top-plan view of a prior art horseshoe magnetindicating its direction of magnetic flux or field vector;

FIG. 4 is a top-plan view of a prior art bar magnet indicating itsdirection of magnetic flux or field vector;

FIGS. 5A-5E are respective top-plan, side-elevational, end-perspective,side-perspective and top-perspective views of a shaped permanent magnetwith focused flux according to the invention;

FIGS. 5F-5G are respective views similar to FIGS. 5B and 5C, rotatedthrough 90° and showing the lines of magnetic flux developed by theshaped permanent magnet;

FIGS. 6A-6D are respective bottom-plan, side-elevational,side-perspective and bottom-perspective views of a flux attracteraccording to the invention;

FIGS. 6E-6F are respective bottom-plan and side-elevational views of analternative embodiment of a flux attracter formed of magneticallyattracting permeable material and electrically insolated andmagnetically separated layers;

FIGS. 7A-7B are respective side-elevational and bottom-perspective viewsof an assembly of the shaped permanent magnet as seen in FIG. 5B and theflux attracter as seen in FIG. 6B;

FIG. 8 is a side-perspective view of a dimagnetic cover;

FIGS. 9A-9B are respective side-elevational and side-perspective viewsof the shaped permanent magnet as seen in FIGS. 5B and 5D, having thedimagnetic cover of FIG. 8 for increasing flux focusing;

FIGS. 10A-10D are respective exploded end-elevational, leftside-elevational, right side-elevational and perspective views of amagnetic unit having the assembly of FIGS. 7A-7B and the dimagneticcover of FIG. 8;

FIGS. 11A-11C are side-elevational views of two of the assembledmagnetic units of FIGS. 10A-10D disposed opposite each other and alignedin different positions with regard to their strong and weak flux sides;

FIG. 12 is a side-elevational view of a device having a stator ring anda rotor disc with the magnetic units of FIGS. 11A-11C;

FIG. 13A is a side-elevational view of another embodiment of theinvention, in which two shaped permanent magnets as seen in FIGS. 5B and5D, having the dimagnetic cover of FIG. 8 for increasing flux focusing,are interconnected by two segmented alike permanent magnets to form amagnetic unit which avoids conflict with a conduit channel; and

FIGS. 13B-13D are side-elevational views of two of the magnetic unitsaccording to FIG. 13A disposed opposite each other and aligned indifferent positions with regard to their strong and weak flux sides.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Referring now to the figures of the drawings in detail and first,particularly, to FIG. 1 thereof, there is seen a photograph of aU-shaped or horseshoe permanent magnet having north and south poles atends of the legs of the U and lines of induction in a pattern indicatinga magnetic filed between the poles. Such lines may be illustrated bysprinkling iron filings on a piece of paper placed over the magnet.Similarly, FIG. 2 shows a rectangular or bar magnet having north andsouth poles at its ends and lines of induction indicating a magneticfield between the poles. FIG. 3 diagrammatically illustrates thehorseshoe magnet of FIG. 1, the north pole N, south pole S and thedirection of magnetic flux or field vector from the north pole to thesouth pole. In a similar manner, FIG. 4 diagrammatically illustrates thebar magnet of FIG. 2, the north pole N, south pole S and the directionof magnetic flux or field vector from the north pole to the south pole.Another non-illustrated but common shape is a ring magnet, which isoften used in computer memory cores. Round bars, donuts, disks,multi-fingered rings, kidney and trapezoid are also known magnet shapes.Other shapes can be made by casting in a mold and grinding or pressingpowder into a mold, pressure bonding or sintering.

It is known that the lines of induction originate at the north pole andend at the south pole. Their direction is the direction of the magneticfield and the number of lines in an area represents their density andthe strength of the magnetic field. Since the lines converge near thepoles, the field is strongest there. It is also known that the strengthof a permanent magnet may be increased by placing the poles closertogether, such as in a horseshoe magnet as compared to a bar magnet.Magnetic fields follow the shape of the emitter, within certain limits,and the shape of these fields can be altered by changing the shape orform of the emitting magnet, as seen in FIGS. 1-4.

Although the placement of a nonmagnetic material in a magnetic fieldwill have no effect on the flux, the placement of a magnetic material,such as highly permeable soft iron, in a magnetic field will redirectthe flux.

FIGS. 5A-5E illustrate a shaped permanent magnet 1 according to theinvention, which produces an asymmetric flux field. The shaped magnethas a body with a reduced flux side having a convex surface 2 and anincreased flux side having a concave surface 3, produced by controlledcurving and tapering of the shape of the magnet, off-centering thecenter of magnetic mass, surface contouring, selectively creatingopposing longer or shorter external flux paths and/or selectivelycreating opposing high and low resistance external flux paths and otherfeatures implemented according to the invention, which are used for thespecific purpose of creating useable, differentially focused, asymmetricflux fields in permanent magnets. The changing of magnetic shapes forother reasons is not within the intent of or comparable to theinvention.

As is seen in FIG. 5B, on the desired reduced flux side with the convexsurface 2, total surface transverse and lengthwise convex curvatures areused. This curving contour and lengthening causes the flux force or fluxlines to be directionally defocused, diffused, spread and decreased inintensity. The flux intensity in both the transverse and lengthwise xand y axes is reduced. The flux path length on this reduced flux side,in both the x and y axes, is much longer and an increasing path lengthincreases flux resistance and decreases flux intensity.

On the desired increased flux side with the concave surface 3, matchingdouble axis or x-y total surface transverse and lengthwise concavecurvatures are used to shorten the flux path on this side in both axesand concentrate the flux density by directionally focusing and directingthe field in converging vectors toward a focal point off of thispreferred flux side in both the x and y axes. The flux path shorteningand concentrating focus yields increased flux density and fieldasymmetry which can be harnessed.

Two magnet pole end surfaces 4, 5 may also be formed with additionalangulation and focusing, in the x and y axes, with surfaces beingconcave in one or both directions and angled toward the increased orstrong flux side to further improve field asymmetry and directional fluxprojection and with extension of the flux farther from the surface, asseen in FIGS. 5A-E.

FIGS. 5F-5G show the lines of magnetic flux developed by the shapedpermanent magnet. At the top of FIG. 5F, the flux lines are weakened,spread apart and join the magnet in perpendicular direction. The fluxlines leave the sides 4, 5 of the magnet in an aligned manner, arefocused, strengthened and concentrated about a main axis at the bottomand have a focal point 8. FIG. 5G similarly shows the flux lines spreadapart at the top and concentrated at the bottom toward a focal point 9.

FIGS. 6A-6D illustrate a magnetic flux attracter 10, which is highlypermeable. A highly permeable material is one which can be easilymagnetized. The highly permeable magnetic flux field attracting materialmay be a nickel-iron-cobalt alloy or mu metal (nickel, iron, copper,molybdenum alloy), which is thousands of times more attracting tomagnetic flux than air. The attracter 10 may be formed as a separateflux attracter which is an assembled element further attracting flux tothe increased flux side and further increasing field asymmetry.

In the illustrated embodiment, the attracter 10 has a first end section11, a middle section 12 and a second end section 13, as well as endsurfaces 14 and 15. All three sections are curved to greater or lesserdegrees to form a desired shape of a magnetic unit, which will bediscussed in detail below.

According to an alternative embodiment shown in FIGS. 6E and 6F, anattracter 10′ is formed of magnetically attracting permeable materiallayers 18 and electrically isolated or insulated and magneticallyseparated layers 19 (for example with neutral magnetic layers such aspaper) in lengthwise laminations to increase element surface area forimproved passage of high magnetic flux densities which flow moreefficiently on or near the surfaces of the permeable material ratherthan within the material. Although only three layers are shown, five ormore may be used. The permeable material is not used as a containmentchannel.

FIGS. 7A and 7B show an assembly of the shaped permanent magnet 1 ofFIGS. 5A-5E and the flux attracter 10 of FIGS. 6A-6D. The lines of themagnetic field extend between the poles of the assembly, which in thiscase are defined by the surfaces 5 and 15.

FIG. 8 illustrates a diamagnetic or magnetically resistive materialcover 20 of graphite, bismuth metal or other suitable material. As isseen in FIGS. 9A and 9B, the cover 20 has a convex surface 22 and aconcave surface 23, which may be placed or formed over the surface 2 atthe reduced or low flux side of the shaped permanent magnet 1 forfurther isolating the flux to the preferred increased flux side andfurther exaggerating the field asymmetry. This diamagnetic material maybe formed with external transverse ridges to further impede the flow byincreasing the flux path length. The required pole to pole naturalcircuit of flux is actually enhanced but guided to the usable asymmetry.

FIGS. 10A-10D are exploded views of a first embodiment of a magneticunit 30 having the shaped permanent magnet 1, the magnetic fluxattracter 10 and the cover 20. FIGS. 11A-11C show two of the assembledmagnetic units 30 in different positions relative to each other. In eachcase, the surfaces 5, 15 of the two units 30 are oriented toward eachother. Thus, like poles defined by the surfaces 5 of the magnetic units30 are approaching each other weak side to weak side in FIG. 11A, arealmost directly opposite each other or at a zero repulsion (top deadcenter) position between approach and departure in FIG. 11B and havepassed each other so as to be departing strong side to strong side inFIG. 11C. It is also seen that the upper magnetic unit 30 is disposed ona stationary stator ring 40 while the lower magnetic unit 30 is disposedon a rotor disc 41 rotating within the stator ring 40 in FIG. 11B alongmutually rotating surfaces thereof indicated by a parting line 44. Thestator 40 and the rotor 41 may be formed of low friction materials, suchas plastics, or may be equipped with ball bearings, so that they canslide on each other, but they are preferably spaced slightly apart andmutually rotate without contact.

A focused flux emission is formed from the emitting north pole byseparating the flux concentrating pole from the flux attractingpermeable material creating an intense projection of magnetic flux forfocused repulsion of any opposing like magnetic pole or for controllingmagnetically susceptible masses, particles or emitted beams passingthrough this intensified flux zone. The magnetic pole to permeablematerial separation, spacing, position, size, angle and magnetic fluxdensity of the assemblies can be varied to project the flux emission atits most effective focus and interaction angle with the passing reversefacing opposing like pole of similar magnetic units 30 or othersusceptible masses, particles or beams.

This method and device for focusing magnetic fields overcomes theunusable symmetric field problem and permits the practical use ofpermanent magnet systems with asymmetric flux fields. This asymmetricflux field magnetic method and assembled device creates an improved anduseable, high flux, strong side difference, as compared with an opposinglow flux, weak side in a permanent magnet and assembled unit.

If like magnetic poles using this method and units are approachinglaterally weak flux side to weak flux side, their repulsive resistancesare reduced and since their departures laterally are automaticallystrong flux side to strong flux side, these departing or propulsiveforces are substantially increased, as seen in FIGS. 11A-11C.

The defocused or reduced approach repulsion and the focused or increaseddeparture propulsion are force differences which are can be harnessed instatic or moving devices to perform work.

This method of intrinsic flux focusing of permanent magnets and themagnetic units can also improve static devices such as controllers ofmagnetically susceptible masses, particles or emitted beams using fluxfields and moving devices such as electric motors or generators usingconventional, non-focused, symmetric field, permanent magnets.

Magnetically driven devices are also created according to the inventionby this intrinsic or shape flux focusing of permanent magnets usingassemblies of multiple magnetic units.

As is seen in FIG. 12, in the illustrated assembled multiple magneticunit device 42, the individual assembled magnetic units 30 may bedisposed in functionally opposing groups on the stator ring or unit 40and on the rotor disc or unit 41 with variables such as unit numbers,position, offset timing and angles to maximize propulsion, even outpulse thrusts and prevent attraction lockup in its construction as aself-powered permanent magnet device as the rotor unit 41 rotates abouta shaft 43 within the stator unit 40. The magnetic units 30 on the rotordisc 41 and on the stator ring 40 are disposed opposite one anotherabout the mutually rotating surfaces 44, in such a way that the endsurfaces 15 of the magnetic flux attracter 10 and the end surfaces 5 ofthe shaped permanent magnet 1 of each of the magnetic units 30 face themutually rotating surfaces 44 and thus each other. Thus, the units 30are turned or offset relative to one another through 180° across theparting line 44.

Once the rotor unit 41 is set into rotation, it will rotate for anextended period of time and eventually slow due to the eventualweakening of the permanent magnets 1. While the rotor unit 41 isrotating, the shaft 43 also rotates and can perform work, such as bydriving machinery or an electric generator.

FIG. 13A illustrates a second embodiment of the magnetic unit of theinvention which also avoids use of a conduit channel. In the embodimentof the magnetic unit 30 of FIGS. 10A-10D, a shaped permanent magnet, adimagnetic cover and a flux attracter are provided. In contrast, themagnetic unit 50 of FIG. 13A includes two shaped permanent magnets 1with dimagnetic covers 20, in which the permanent magnet and cover onthe right is shortened as compared to the permanent magnet and cover onthe left. The end surfaces 4 of the shaped permanent magnets 1 are alsointerconnected by two segmented alike permanent magnets 51, 52. Similarto the permanent magnets 1, the permanent magnets 51, 52 are also fluxcontrolling permanent magnets. Therefore, the permeable material of thefirst embodiment is replaced in the second embodiment with two similarbut possibly shorter active permanent magnetic units to furtherstrengthen the projected flux arc.

FIGS. 13B-13D show the magnetic units 50 in different positions relativeto each other. The magnetic units 50 are in positions similar to themagnetic units 30 at the bottom of FIG. 12. Therefore, the upper unit 50is a rotor element disposed with other units on a rotor disc 41 whichrotates about a shaft 43 in a direction of rotation indicated by anarrow 54, and the lower unit 50 is a stator element disposed with otherunits on a stationary stator ring 40. The other end surfaces 5 of theshaped permanent magnets 1 which are closest together in FIG. 13B have aweakened maximum repulsion. As the rotor disc or unit 41 rotates intothe position shown in FIG. 13C, the other end surfaces 5 of the shapedpermanent magnets 1 which are closest together have increased maximumpropulsion. Finally, after further rotation, the magnetic units 50 reachan intermediate position with minimal interaction between the like polesof the permanent magnets 1 due to the distance therebetween.

According to the invention, conservation of energy is preserved becauseenergy is first input and efficiently stored within the magnet asaligned magnetic domains and must be recharged upon depletion.

Magnets are composed of infinitely divisible magnetic micro domains,which form larger and larger domains or cooperative columns throughoutthe magnet.

The magnetic domains according to the invention are formed to be longerand stronger around the periphery and shorter and weaker in the centeras a result of the shaping. The curving, tapering and contouringphysical changes, causes a direct external flux copying of thesephysical changes and focuses the corresponding dominant flux fielddifferences into useable flux field asymmetry.

1. A flux-focused, shaped permanent magnet, comprising: a body ofmagnetic material having surface contouring to form a reduced flux sidewith a convex surface and an increased flux side with a concave surfacedeveloping high and low resistance external flux paths for creatingfocused asymmetric flux fields.
 2. The magnet according to claim 1,wherein said body has a center of magnetic mass and is curved andtapered to place said center of magnetic mass off-center in said bodyfor creating focused asymmetric flux fields.
 3. The magnet according toclaim 1, wherein said concave surface has matching transverse andlengthwise concave curvatures for concentrating, directionally focusing,maximizing and directing flux lines in converging vectors toward a focalpoint off said concave surface, improving asymmetry of the flux fieldsside to side for creating focused asymmetric flux fields.
 4. The magnetaccording to claim 1, wherein said body has two concave magnet pole endsurfaces with angulation and focusing toward said increased flux side,improving asymmetry of the flux fields and projecting and extending fluxfarther from said increased flux side for creating focused asymmetricflux fields.
 5. A magnetic unit, comprising: a flux-focused, shapedpermanent magnet having a body of magnetic material with surfacecontouring to form a reduced flux side with a convex surface and anincreased flux side with a concave surface, said surfaces developinghigh and low resistance external flux paths creating focused asymmetricflux fields, and said body having two magnet pole end surfaces; amagnetic flux attracter formed of highly permeable material, saidmagnetic flux attracter having two end surfaces; and one of said endsurfaces of said magnetic flux attracter contacting one of said endsurfaces of said shaped permanent magnet, causing magnetic field linesto extend between the other of said end surfaces of said magnetic fluxattracter and the other of said end surfaces of said shaped permanentmagnet.
 6. The magnetic unit according to claim 5, wherein said body ofsaid permanent magnet has a center of magnetic mass and is curved andtapered to place said center of magnetic mass off-center in said bodyfor creating focused asymmetric flux fields.
 7. The magnetic unitaccording to claim 5, wherein said magnet pole end surfaces of said bodyof said permanent magnet are concave and have angulation and focusingtoward said increased flux side, improving asymmetry of the flux fieldsand projecting and extending flux farther from said increased flux side.8. The magnetic unit according to claim 5, which further comprises amagnetically resistive cover having a concave surface covering saidconvex surface of said body of said magnet for further isolating theflux to said increased flux side and further exaggerating the fieldasymmetry.
 9. The magnetic unit according to claim 5, wherein saidmagnetic flux attracter has a multiplicity of sections, at least one ofwhich is curved for creating focused asymmetric flux fields.
 10. Themagnetic unit according to claim 5, wherein said concave surface of saidbody of said permanent magnet has matching transverse and lengthwiseconcave curvatures for concentrating, directionally focusing, maximizingand directing flux lines in converging vectors toward a focal point offsaid concave surface, improving asymmetry of the flux fields side toside.
 11. The magnetic unit according to claim 5, wherein said magneticflux attracter has alternating magnetically attracting permeablematerial layers and electrically insolated and magnetically separatedlayers.
 12. A magnetic unit, comprising: two flux-focused, shapedpermanent magnets each having a body of magnetic material with surfacecontouring to form a reduced flux side with a convex surface and anincreased flux side with a concave surface, said surfaces developinghigh and low resistance external flux paths creating focused asymmetricflux fields, and said body having two magnet pole end surfaces; and twosegmented permanent magnets together interconnecting one of said endsurfaces of each of said shaped permanent magnets.
 13. The magnetic unitaccording to claim 12, wherein said bodies of said permanent magnetseach have a center of magnetic mass and is curved and tapered to placesaid center of magnetic mass off-center in said body for creatingfocused asymmetric flux fields.
 14. The magnetic unit according to claim12, wherein said magnet pole end surfaces of said bodies of saidpermanent magnets are concave and have angulation and focusing towardsaid increased flux side, improving asymmetry of the flux fields andprojecting and extending flux farther from said increased flux side. 15.The magnetic unit according to claim 12, which further comprisesmagnetically resistive covers each having a concave surface coveringsaid convex surface of one of said bodies of said magnets for furtherisolating the flux to said increased flux side and further exaggeratingthe field asymmetry.
 16. The magnetic unit according to claim 12,wherein said concave surface of said bodies of said permanent magnetshas matching transverse and lengthwise concave curvatures forconcentrating, directionally focusing, maximizing and directing fluxlines in converging vectors toward a focal point off said concavesurface, improving asymmetry of the flux fields side to side.
 17. Akinetic device, comprising: a stationary stator ring; a rotor discrotating within said stator ring and defining mutually rotating surfacestherebetween; and a multiplicity of said magnetic units according toclaim 5 disposed on said rotor disc and on said stator ring; saidmagnetic units on said rotor disc and on said stator ring being disposedopposite one another about said mutually rotating surfaces; and theother of said end surfaces of said magnetic flux attracter and the otherof said end surfaces of said shaped permanent magnet of each of saidmagnetic units facing said mutually rotating surfaces.
 18. The deviceaccording to claim 17, wherein like poles of said magnetic unitsapproach each other weak side to weak side, then are directly oppositeeach other and then pass each other, as said rotor rotates.
 19. Thedevice according to claim 17, which further comprises magneticallyresistive covers each having a concave surface covering said convexsurface of said body of said magnet of a respective one of said magneticunits for further isolating the flux to said increased flux side andfurther exaggerating the field asymmetry.
 20. A kinetic device,comprising: a stationary stator ring; a rotor disc rotating within saidstator ring and defining mutually rotating surfaces therebetween; and amultiplicity of said magnetic units according to claim 12 disposed onsaid rotor disc and on said stator ring; said magnetic units on saidrotor disc and on said stator ring being disposed opposite one anotherabout said mutually rotating surfaces; and the other of said endsurfaces of each of said shaped permanent magnets of each of saidmagnetic units facing each other.
 21. A method for asymmetricallyfocusing flux fields of permanent magnets, the method comprising thefollowing steps: surface contouring a body of magnetic material to forma reduced flux side with convex surfaces and an increased flux side withconcave surfaces; and developing high and low resistance external fluxpaths with the surfaces to create focused asymmetric flux fields.